What would you do if you logged into your device and received a message that your files were locked until you paid a large amount of money to get them back?
Ransomware is a type of malicious software, or malware, that prevents access to computer files, systems, or networks and demands a ransom for their return. Ransomware attacks can cause costly disruptions to operations and the loss of critical information and data. While it’s more common for businesses to be targeted for ransomware due to larger potential monetary gains, individual users can also be lucrative and easily accessible targets for these hackers. Personal devices often contain sensitive data, such as family photos, personal documents, and even tax returns.
You can unknowingly download ransomware onto a computer by opening an email attachment, clicking an ad, following a link, or even visiting a website that's embedded with malware. Once the code is loaded on a computer, it locks access to the computer itself or to the data and files stored there. Some ransomware can encrypt files and folders on local drives, attached drives, and networked computers and devices.
If your computer has been infected, you usually don’t know until you can no longer access your data or you see messages letting you know about the attack and demanding ransom payments. The best way to avoid being exposed to ransomware—or any type of malware—is to be a cautious and conscientious device user. Malware distributors have become increasingly savvy, and you need to be careful about what you download and websites you visit.
The FBI offers these tips at https://www.fbi.gov/how-we-can-help-you/scams-and-safety/common-frauds-and-scams/ransomware to avoid becoming a victim:
- Keep operating systems, software, and applications current and up to date.
- Make sure anti-virus and anti-malware solutions are set to automatically update and run regular scans.
- Back up data regularly and double-check that those backups were completed.
- Secure your backups. Make sure they are not connected to the computers and networks they are backing up.
- Create a continuity plan in case your business or organization is the victim of a ransomware attack.
The FBI does not support paying a ransom in response to a ransomware attack. Paying a ransom doesn’t guarantee you will get any data back. It also encourages perpetrators to target more victims and offers an incentive for others to get involved in this type of illegal activity. If you are a victim of ransomware, file a report at ic3.gov.
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